“without” in Nepali language

While English uses small word placed before the words it accompanies, Nepali use a different way. There fore we talk about “postposition” when referring those small words that are added to the word it accompanies. “-binaa” is one of them. Postposition “binaa – बिना:” Positioned at the end of the word, “-binaa” means “without.” Note the presence of the particle “ko- को ” in most of the following examples. a) mā timi-binaa bāsnā sākchhu. I can’t live without you. म तिमी बिना बस्न सक्दिन । b) hiũ-binaa-ko himaal hũdaïna. There is no mountain without snow. हिउँ बिनाको हिमाल हुदैँन । c) wāhã paani-binaa khaanuhunnā. He/She doesn’t eat without water. वहाँ पानी बिना खानुहुन्न । d) mero buwaa roxy binaa sutnuhunnā. My father doesn’t sleep without alcohol. मेरो बुवा रक्सी बिना सुत्नुहुन्न । e) myaad-binaa-ko ausādhi kaam chhāïnā. Medicines without an expiry date are not good. म्याद बिनाको औषधी काम छैन । f) maayaa-binaa-ko jibān rāmaïlo chhāïnā. A life without love is not interesting. माया बिनाको जिवन रमार्इलो छैन । g) binaa-chini-ko chiyaa raamro chhā. Tea without sugar is good. बिना चिनीको चिया राम्रो छ । h) iskul-binaa-ko jibān raamro chhāïnā. A life without school is not interesting. स्कुल बिनाको जिवन राम्रो छैन ।